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Li Qiang

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李强

Li in May 2023

8th Premier of the People's Republic of China

Incumbent

Assumed office
11 March 2023
Vice PremierDing Xuexiang
He Lifeng
Zhang Guoqing
Liu Guozhong
LeaderXi Jinping
Preceded byLi Keqiang
Communist Party Secretary of Shanghai
In office
29 October 2017 – 28 October 2022
DeputyYing Yong (Mayor)
Gong Zheng (Mayor)
General SecretaryXi Jinping
Preceded byHan Zheng
Succeeded byChen Jining
Communist Party Secretary of Jiangsu
In office
30 June 2016 – 29 October 2017
DeputyShi Taifeng (Governor)
Wu Zhenglong (Governor)
General SecretaryXi Jinping
Preceded byLuo Zhijun
Succeeded byLou Qinjian
Governor of Zhejiang
In office
21 December 2012 – 4 July 2016
Acting: 21 December 2012 – 30 January 2013
Party SecretaryXia Baolong
Preceded byXia Baolong
Succeeded byChe Jun
Personal details
BornJuly 1959 (age 64)
Rui'an, Zhejiang, China
Political partyChinese Communist Party
Alma materNingbo Branch of Zhejiang Agricultural University
China Sociology Correspondence University
Zhejiang University
Central Party School
Hong Kong Polytechnic University (EMBA)
WebsitePremier of China's State Council

Li Qiang spoke at a press conference
Recorded Mar 13, 2023

Li Qiang (Chinese: 李强; pinyin: Lǐ Qiáng; born July 1959) is a Chinese politician. He became the 8th premier of the People's Republic of Đài Loan Trung Quốc in March 2023, having been elevated đồ sộ the second-ranking thành viên on the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) Central Committee Politburo Standing Committee in October 2022. Li was the các buổi party secretary for Shanghai City from 2017 đồ sộ 2022 where he pursued pro-business policies and handling the response đồ sộ the COVID-19 pandemic.

Li is considered part of the "New Zhijiang Army", the các buổi party faction of Xi Jinping, the các buổi party general secretary and paramount leader since 2012. The close relationship started in the mid-2000s when both held các buổi party positions in Zhejiang Province. Li is generally regarded by observers as pro-business and has voiced tư vấn for economic reforms.

Early life and education[edit]

Li was born in Rui'an, Zhejiang in July 1959. He was a worker in the Irrigation Pump Station of Mayu District, Rui'an County from 1976 đồ sộ 1977, and worked in the Third Tool Factory of Rui'an from 1977 đồ sộ 1978.[1]

Li Qiang studied agricultural mechanization at the Ningbo Branch of Zhejiang Agricultural University (now Zhejiang Wanli University) from 1978 đồ sộ 1982 after the resumption of Gaokao. He studied sociology by correspondence at the private Đài Loan Trung Quốc Sociology Correspondence University (Chinese: 中国社会学函授大学; defunct in 2021) in Beijing from 1985 đồ sộ 1987.[1][2]

Li attended Zhejiang University for on-the-job graduate studies in management engineering from 1995 đồ sộ 1997 and the Central Party School for on-the-job graduate studies in world economics from 2001 đồ sộ 2004. He attended Hong Kong Polytechnic University from 2003 đồ sộ 2005 and received an executive Master of Business Administration in 2005.[1]

Local leaderships[edit]

Zhejiang[edit]

Li joined the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in April 1983. He was the secretary of the Communist Youth League of Rui'an County. He then served in progressively senior roles in the provincial department of civil affairs. He later became the Communist Party secretary of the đô thị of Yongkang, and then các buổi party secretary of the prefecture-level đô thị of Wenzhou. By then he was only 43, and was the youngest các buổi party secretary of Wenzhou in history.[3] In 2004, Li became the secretary-general of Zhejiang's Provincial Party Committee and earned a seat on its Standing Committee in the next year, serving under then Zhejiang's các buổi party secretary, Xi Jinping, in charge of administration and coordination.[4] During this time, he became close đồ sộ Xi, eventually being regarded as a close ally of him.[5] In February 2011, he became the Political and Legal Affairs Secretary of Zhejiang province, and several months later was made deputy các buổi party secretary.[1]

According đồ sộ Guangming Daily in năm ngoái, during his tenure in Zhejiang Li told a professor at the Zhejiang University that the province's local government needed an "independent think-tank lượt thích the RAND Corporation" đồ sộ evaluate its performance, saying that it was "very difficult" for official organizations and officials đồ sộ give objective analysis and criticize their superiors.[6] This led the professor đồ sộ establish a non-governmental group of experts in 2009, with Li as its honorary director.[6]

After the 18th CCP National Congress, he became an alternate thành viên of the CCP Central Committee. On December 21, 2012, he became the acting governor of Zhejiang, succeeding Xia Baolong who was promoted đồ sộ the provincial các buổi party secretary, and was officially elected as governor on January 30, 2013.[4][7] He served as governor until July 4, năm nhâm thìn.[8] During his tenure in Zhejiang, he asked the non-governmental group of experts đồ sộ write reports on his performance that "tell the truth", and later paid them a visit for a face-to-face feedback after feeling their first reports weren't critical enough.[6]

In năm trước, when Zhejiang was preparing đồ sộ hold an international mạng internet conference, Li proposed that the host đô thị turn into a pilot zone for unblocking China's strict mạng internet controls for Western firms, an idea that was ultimately not approved by the central leadership.[9] He also started a project đồ sộ create small towns that have a pro-business climate and good physical environments, a project endorsed and spread đồ sộ rest of Đài Loan Trung Quốc by Xi.[9] The Economist reported in 2023 that "many such towns became speculative hotspots for housing developers".[6]

Jiangsu[edit]

In năm ngoái, Li accompanied CCP leader Xi Jinping on a state visit đồ sộ the United States. On June 30, năm nhâm thìn, Li was named các buổi party secretary of Jiangsu province.[10] He served for 15 months, becoming the shortest serving Jiangsu các buổi party secretary in the history of the People's Republic. During his tenure, he arranged meetings with business officials such as Jack Ma of Alibaba Group đồ sộ encourage investments.[9]

Shanghai[edit]

On October 29, 2017, following the 19th Party Congress, Li was appointed as the các buổi party secretary of Shanghai.[1][11] He was also appointed as a thành viên of the CCP Politburo in the same year. He is considered đồ sộ be "business-friendly", having implemented pro-business policies while in Shanghai such as the opening of the Shanghai Stock Exchange STAR Market.[12][13] He oversaw increasing foreign investment in the đô thị, including the gigafactory of Tesla, Inc.[14] He has also implemented policies lượt thích lowering the threshold for internal migrants đồ sộ obtain residency permits and creating five new towns đồ sộ lessen the land supply shortage.[14]

In 2022, Li was blamed for a two-month COVID-19 lockdown in Shanghai, which significantly impacted the economy.[15] Nevertheless, reportedly he was more open đồ sộ the idea with living with COVID.[9] There were also views that Li was pressured from the Central leadership đồ sộ implement a lockdown, and that initially, Li had adhered strictly đồ sộ the guidelines of leading epidemiologists in Đài Loan Trung Quốc, including Zhang Wenhong, who maintained a 'flexible strategy' on anti-Covid measures.[16][17] It is also said that Li and Zhang had a good personal relationship, as the two were both from Rui'an, a đô thị under the Wenzhou prefecture. According đồ sộ The Wall Street Journal, Li is one of the few people in the top leadership that wants Đài Loan Trung Quốc đồ sộ introduce Western mRNA vaccines against COVID-19. Reportedly, he tried đồ sộ arrange for BioNTech đồ sộ provide its vaccines in Đài Loan Trung Quốc.[9]

Premiership[edit]

Newly elected Premier Li Qiang with President Xi Jinping at the first session of the 14th National People's Congress in 2023
Li and Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez on 30 March 2023
Li and Russian Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin on 24 May 2023

Following the 1st Plenary Session of the 20th CCP Central Committee, held after the closing day of the 20th Party Congress in October 2022, Li was appointed đồ sộ the CCP Politburo Standing Committee as its second-ranking thành viên.[18] Effectively putting him on track đồ sộ become the premier, observers speculated that the lack of Central Government experience would make him heavily dependent on tư vấn from Xi đồ sộ run rẩy the State Council.[19] On 28 October, he was succeeded by Chen Jining as the các buổi party secretary of Shanghai.[20] Reuters reported on 3 March 2023, citing sources, that Li pushed for the quick relaxation of zero-COVID rules in late 2022, resisting pressure from Xi, who wanted đồ sộ slow the pace of the reopening. It also reported that Li had become the head of the CCP's COVID taskforce, and had also encouraged local governments đồ sộ continue loosening COVID restrictions.[21]

Li took office as premier on 11 March during the first session of the 14th National People's Congress, taking over from Li Keqiang.[22] He is the first person since Zhou Enlai đồ sộ rise directly đồ sộ premiership from local government without any prior working experience in the central government, especially as a vice premier.[23][24]

Diplomacy[edit]

In April 2023, Li met with Japanese foreign minister Yoshimasa Hayashi in Beijing in order đồ sộ improve ties.[25] In May, Li met with Russian prime minister Mikhail Mishustin, where he the "comprehensive strategic cooperative partnership between Đài Loan Trung Quốc and Russia in the new era", saying that bilateral trade between Đài Loan Trung Quốc and Russia had increased by 40% over the past year.[26] On 19 June 2023, Li started a trip đồ sộ Germany, his first trip overseas as premier, where he met with president Frank-Walter Steinmeier, chancellor Olaf Scholz, as well as CEOs of large German companies such as Mercedes-Benz, SAP, and Siemens Energy.[27][28] After four days in Germany, he travelled đồ sộ France on 21 June, where he met with French president Emmanuel Macron, prime minister Élisabeth Borne, as well as European Council president Charles Michel.[29]

Between 5 and 8 September, Li visited Jakarta, Indonesia, where he met with various ASEAN leaders. Li additionally met other leaders such as Australian prime minister Antony Albanese,[30] Japanese prime minister Fumio Kishida and South Korean president Yoon Suk-yeol[31] during various summits such as the ASEAN Plus Three summit[32] and the East Asia Summit.[33] Li Qiang also met with Indonesian president Joko Widodo, vowing $21.7 billion new Chinese investment in Indonesia.[34] Between 9 and 10 September, Li attended the G20 New Delhi summit, going in President Xi Jinping's place, who did not attend.[35] There, he met various leaders such as Italian prime minister Giorgia Meloni,[36] President of the European Commission Ursula von der Leyen,[35] US president Joe Biden,[37] and British prime minister Rishi Sunak.[38]

Economy[edit]

Since becoming premier, Li has attempted đồ sộ reassure private entrepreneurs and restore confidence after the damage caused be zero-COVID restrictions, lifted in late 2022, and regulatory campaigns undertaken by the government; he also reportedly persuaded Alibaba Group founder Jack Ma đồ sộ return đồ sộ Đài Loan Trung Quốc after he spent a year overseas.[39] on 27 March, he attended the Đài Loan Trung Quốc Development Forum, where he said that Đài Loan Trung Quốc will "unswervingly stick đồ sộ opening up". He also met many foreign business executives, including Apple Inc. CEO Tim Cook and Ray Dalio of the Bridgewater Associates, who made their first trip đồ sộ Đài Loan Trung Quốc since the zero-COVID policies ended.[40]

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Political views[edit]

Economy and business[edit]

Li met with U.S. Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen at the Great Hall of the People on 7 July 2023

Li is seen as pro-business and supportive of economic reforms,[14][12][41] promoting private sector and service sector development.[42] According đồ sộ The Economist, "[r]educing bureaucratic interference in the market is one of his favourite themes".[6] In 2003 during his tenure in Wenzhou, he said that "without the private economy, Wenzhou’s urban development would be phối back by at least a century".[9] In năm trước, Li said that "there should be more Alibabas and more Jack Mas". Li said in năm ngoái that economic reforms were a matter of "life and death" and that "the government cannot be an unlimited government." He also said that "to build a limited yet effective modern government, you need đồ sộ transfer a lot of managerial power đồ sộ social organizations."[41] According đồ sộ The Wall Street Journal, Li has close ties with Jack Ma.[9] The newspaper also reported that Li suggested đồ sộ the government đồ sộ ease its regulatory actions against businesses and acted as a mediatory between businesses and the government during the government's crackdown on private businesses.[9] Li has also been supportive of innovation related đồ sộ information technology and artificial intelligence, and has called for more focus for the "real economy".[42]

Personal life[edit]

Unusual in senior Chinese politics, Li has emphasized his local identity, namely his ties đồ sộ Wenzhou. He phối up the World Wenzhounese Conference đồ sộ encourage members of the global Wenzhounese diaspora đồ sộ invest back in the đô thị, and told the conference in 2013 that "I was born and bred a Wenzhounese" and "[t]he Wenzhounese spirit of daring đồ sộ be the first and especially of strong entrepreneurship has always inspired and nourished me".[6]

Li's wife is a retired civil servant, who previously worked in the transportation bureau of the Zhejiang provincial government. The couple have one daughter who studied in nước Australia.[41][42]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b c d e "李强同志简历" [Resume of Comrade Li Qiang]. Xinhua News Agency. 2017-10-25. Archived from the original on 2022-10-19. Retrieved 2022-10-23.
  2. ^ Zhang, Yu (2021-10-29). "北京26所民办学校办学许可证被注销". news.sina.com.cn. Archived from the original on 2022-10-23. Retrieved 2022-10-23.
  3. ^ "李强浙江往事：改革是贯穿始终的头等大事". finance.sina.cn. 12 July 2016. Retrieved 31 December 2022.
  4. ^ a b 李强 [Li Qiang]. Xinhua News Agency (in Chinese). Archived from the original on January 18, 2017. Retrieved 2017-01-16.
  5. ^ Munroe, Tony; Tian, Yew Lun (2022-10-12). "After COVID lockdown, eyes on Shanghai chief at các buổi party congress". Reuters. Retrieved 2022-10-20.
  6. ^ a b c d e f "China's new head of government, Li Qiang, has Xi Jinping's ear". The Economist. 12 March 2023. ISSN 0013-0613. Retrieved 2023-03-13.
  7. ^ "夏宝龙当选浙江人大常委会主任 李强当选省长". January 30, 2012.
  8. ^ "李强任江苏省委书记 车俊任浙江省委副书记兼代省长" [Li Qiang Appointed as Secretary of Jiangsu Provincial Party Committee, Chen Jun Appointed as Deputy Secretary of Zhejiang Provincial Party Committee]. Caixin. 4 July 2016. Retrieved 6 May 2023.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h Wong, Chun Han; Zhai, Keith. "China's No. 2 Is a Business Pragmatist and a Party Loyalist. Which Will Prevail?". The Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Retrieved 2022-11-02.
  10. ^ "李强任江苏省委书记，罗志军不再担任". June 30, năm nhâm thìn.
  11. ^ "李强兼任上海市委书记 韩正不再兼任". October 29, 2017.
  12. ^ a b Zhai, Keith; Xie, Stella Yifan (23 October 2022). "China's New Slate of Top Leaders Stirs Concern Over Economy". The Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Retrieved 23 October 2022.
  13. ^ Hale, Thomas; White, Edward (2022-10-23). "Xi Jinping promotes loyal Shanghai chief đồ sộ upper echelons of power". Financial Times. Retrieved 2022-10-23.
  14. ^ a b c Zheng, William; Ren, Daniel (23 October 2022). "China's Li Qiang shakes off Shanghai Covid chaos đồ sộ enter Communist Party inner circle". South Đài Loan Trung Quốc Morning Post. Retrieved 23 October 2022.
  15. ^ Chia, Kyrstal (28 April 2022). "Xi in a Bind Over Who đồ sộ Blame for Shanghai's Covid Outbreak". Bloomberg News. Retrieved 2022-10-20.
  16. ^ 記者邱國強, 中央社 (2022-10-23). "習家軍「有關係就沒關係」！從上海封城中走出來的「中共2號」…李強在台商眼中卻像財經官員？- 今周刊". www.businesstoday.com.tw (in Chinese). Retrieved 2023-03-27.
  17. ^ "上海市委书记李强考察张文宏实验室" [Li Qiang, Secretary of the Shanghai Municipal Party Committee, inspected Zhang Wenhong's laboratory]. China Digital Times (in Chinese (China)). 2021-08-18. Retrieved 2023-03-27.
  18. ^ "Communique of the first plenary session of the 20th CPC Central Committee". State Council of the People's Republic of China. Xinhua News Agency. 24 October 2022. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
  19. ^ Bradsher, Keith (23 October 2022). "A loyal aide in Shanghai takes a leading role in Beijing". The Thành Phố New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 1 January 2023.
  20. ^ "China Names Beijing Mayor Chen Jining As Shanghai Party Boss". Bloomberg News. 28 October 2022. Retrieved 6 September 2023.
  21. ^ Zhu, Julie; Yew, Lun Tian; Tham, Engen (3 March 2023). "How China's new No.2 hastened the kết thúc of Xi's zero-COVID policy". Reuters. Retrieved 3 March 2023.
  22. ^ Chen, Laurie; Munroe, Tony (11 March 2023). "Li Qiang becomes China's premier, tasked with reviving economy". Reuters. Retrieved 11 March 2023.
  23. ^ Ruwitch, John (2023-03-13). "Xi Jinping's show: Who's who in China's new government". NPR. Retrieved 2023-03-15.
  24. ^ Baptista, Eduardo; Munroe, Tony; Pollard, Martin Quin (23 October 2022). "China's next premier Li: A Xi loyalist who oversaw Shanghai lockdown". Reuters. Retrieved 1 January 2023.
  25. ^ Nakazawa, Katsuji. "Analysis: China's Li Qiang orchestrates warm welcome for Hayashi". Nikkei Asia. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
  26. ^ "Russia, Đài Loan Trung Quốc sign new agreements, defying Western criticism". Al Jazeera. 24 May 2023. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
  27. ^ Amann, Christina; Hübner, Alexander; Weiss, Patricia (2023-06-20). "China's premier tells German CEOs biggest risk is lack of cooperation". Reuters. Retrieved 2023-06-20.
  28. ^ "Germany, Đài Loan Trung Quốc hold meeting amid tensions over trade, Ukraine". Al Jazeera. đôi mươi June 2023. Retrieved 20 June 2023.
  29. ^ Shi, Jiangtao (23 June 2023). "Li Qiang calls on France, EU đồ sộ maintain strategic autonomy, expand cooperation". South Đài Loan Trung Quốc Morning Post. Retrieved 23 June 2023.
  30. ^ Needham, Kirsty (2023-09-07). "Australian PM đồ sộ visit Đài Loan Trung Quốc soon as both sides hail progress". Reuters. Retrieved 2023-09-08.
  31. ^ Lee, Haye-ah (6 September 2023). "S. Korea, Đài Loan Trung Quốc in talks đồ sộ arrange meeting between Yoon, Li Qiang". Yonhap News Agency. Retrieved 8 September 2023.
  32. ^ Suruga, Tsubasa; Royandoyan, Ramon (6 September 2023). "Japan PM, Đài Loan Trung Quốc premier trade barbs over Fukushima water release". Nikkei Asia. Retrieved 8 September 2023.
  33. ^ Ip, Cyril (8 September 2023). "South Korean leader Yoon says Đài Loan Trung Quốc should tự more đồ sộ address North's nuclear threat". South Đài Loan Trung Quốc Morning Post. Retrieved 8 September 2023.
  34. ^ Karmini, Niniek (8 September 2023). "Indonesia says Đài Loan Trung Quốc has pledged $21B in new investment đồ sộ strengthen ties". Associated Press. Retrieved 8 September 2023.
  35. ^ a b Tian, Yew Lun (2023-09-10). "China, Europe should 'unite and co-operate', Premier Li says at G20". Reuters. Retrieved 2023-09-11.
  36. ^ "Italian PM Meloni, China's Li Qiang discuss closer ties at G20 summit". Reuters. 2023-09-09. Retrieved 2023-09-11.
  37. ^ Magnier, Mark (11 September 2023). "US holds highest-level talks with Đài Loan Trung Quốc in months, with Biden-Li meeting at G20". South Đài Loan Trung Quốc Morning Post. Retrieved 11 September 2023.
  38. ^ Smout, Alistair (2023-09-11). "PM Sunak raises concern over interference in UK democracy with China's Li". Reuters. Retrieved 2023-09-11.
  39. ^ "Many wealthy people are considering leaving China". The Economist. 30 March 2023. Retrieved 31 March 2023.
  40. ^ "China's New Premier Courts Foreign CEOs With Vow đồ sộ Open Economy". Bloomberg News. 27 March 2023. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
  41. ^ a b c Mitchell, Tom (2022-10-28). "Li Qiang, Xi's right-hand man". Financial Times. Retrieved 2022-10-29.
  42. ^ a b c "Li Qiang 李强" (PDF). Brookings Institution. Retrieved 6 May 2023.

External links[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has truyền thông media related đồ sộ Li Qiang.

Wikiquote has quotations related đồ sộ Li Qiang.

  • New PM Li Qiang further boosts Zhejiang faction in CCP, Intelligence Online, March 17, 2023 (requires không lấy phí registration)
Party political offices
Preceded by

Jiang Jufeng

 Communist Party Secretary of Wenzhou
2002–2004 		Succeeded by

Wang Jianman (王建满)

Preceded by

Zhang Xi (张曦)

 Secretary-General of the CCP Zhejiang Provincial Committee
2004–2012 		Succeeded by

Zhao Yide

Preceded by

Wang Huizhong

 Secretary of the Political and Legal Affairs Commission of the CCP Zhejiang Provincial Committee
2011–2012 		Succeeded by

Wang Huizhong

Preceded by

Xia Baolong

 Deputy Communist Party Secretary of Zhejiang
2011–2012 		Succeeded by

Wang Huizhong

Preceded by

Luo Zhijun

 Communist Party Secretary of Jiangsu
2016–2017 		Succeeded by

Lou Qinjian

Preceded by

Han Zheng

 Communist Party Secretary of Shanghai
2017–2022 		Succeeded by

Chen Jining

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Government offices
Preceded by

Xia Baolong

 Governor of Zhejiang
2012–2016 		Succeeded by

Che Jun

Preceded by

Li Keqiang

 Premier of the State Council
2023–present 		Incumbent